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Trip Reports

3rd -30th April 2008 : Tabin Wildlife Reserve in Sabah, Borneo

Bornean Clouded Leopard
Participants : Tu and Jan.

Purpose :This was the second time for us to visit Borneo. Two years ago when we went to Mount Kinabalu and Tabin Wildlife Reserve, we met Ms.Suelin Wong at Tabin. She was a GM of Tabin Wildlife Resort and she was very interested in bird watching so this year she invited us to go for bird-and-mammal-watching in Tabin Wildlife Reserve again. We decided to stay there one month and hoped to get new species and take good photos of birds and mammals.

Special thanks to :
Ms Wong who invited us to visit Tabin.  It was very kind of you for all your helps and supports.
Ms Alixon, who prepared everything for our trip.
Mr Saimon, who helped and supported us during we stayed in Tabin.
Mr C.K.Leong, who showed many birds in Tabin and Kinabalu National Park and gave us useful information.
And many thanks for all staffs of Tabin Wildlife Reserve for all your helps during our stay in Tabin.

Tabin Wildlife Reserve
at approximately 121,000 hectares (300,000 acres) is the largest wildlife reserve in the state of Sabah, Borneo and one of the best place for bird and mammal watching in rainforest habitat in Borneo. It is located in Lahad Datu and you can reach the place by car about 2 hours from Lahad Datu town. The forest near the Tabin Wildlife Resort is secondary forest because it was logged about 40 years ago, and then left alone. Deep into the forest is primary forest called the "Core Area".

Early in the morning on 3rd April 2008 we departed from Bangkok and arrived in Kota Kinabalu in evening. Next day we flied to Lahad Datu.  Max picked us and C.K. Leong, who was a bird leader of Tabin, up at the small and lovely airport. We stopped for breakfast in the town, bought some snacks, soft drinks, and continued to Tabin Wildlife Reserve. After 20 minutes on the main road we turned left to roughly and muddy road. Along the road had oil palm plantations until we reached Tabin Wildlife Resort. We talked with Max about one of our target birds that we needed to see "Storm's Stork" and he had seen it perched on the tree on the way before. One hour later, he stopped the car suddenly and we got it. Storm's Stork perched on the dead tree and few minutes later another bird come and perched on the same tree. Wow!!! This bird was very very rare in Thailand.

Storm's Stork
Storm's Stork
Small-clawed Otter After check-in at the resort we got the room number five of river lodge. (They had 10 rooms of Hill lodge also on the other site of the Sunbird's cafe.) Jody, a guide of Tabin, helped us carry our luggage to our room before having lunch at the cafe. The room was very good.  Behind the room there was a balcony where we could see a small stream down below. We had sat there and waited for many birds and animals to show up which included 2 species of otters ; Small-clawed Otter and Smooth-coated Otter, Plain Pygmy Squirrel, Reticulated Python, big group of Pig-tailed Macaques, Grey Langur
Small-clawed Otter
Grey Langur
Grey Langur, Bornean Gibbon family, a pair of Black Hornbill, White-crowned Hornbill, Malaysian Blue Flycatcher, Scarlet-rumped and Diard's Trogon, Yellow-rumped Flowerpecker, Purple-naped Sunbird, Black-backed Kingfisher, Great-billed Heron, Dark-throated Oriole, Rufous Piculet, Grey-and-Buff Woodpecker, Ashy and Rufous-tailed Tailorbirds and many others

Black Hornbill

Plain Pygmy Squirrel
Black Hornbill (Male and Female) Plain Pygmy Squirrel

Bornean Gibbon

Great-billed Heron
Bornean Gibbon Great-billed Heron

Dark-throated Oriole

White-crowned Shama
Dark-throated Oriole White-crowned Shama

Rufous Piculet

Rufous Piculet

Pig-tailed Macaque

White-crowned Hornbill
Pig-tailed Macaque White-crowned Hornbill
Large Green Pegion

Tabin had many good places for bird and mammal watching such as the Core Area, the primary forest containing some species that are different from other areas, Mud Volcano, the nearest salt-lick of 7 mud volcanos, Mud Volcano Trail, Elephant Trail, and other trails around the resort. First week we explored around the resort and it was very lucky because the big fig tree near the road to the entrance about 100 meters from our room had full of fruits so many birds and animals came to feed all day and all night such as Rhinoceros, Oriental Pied and Black Hornbills, Asian Fairy Bluebird,

Jambu Fruit Dove
Large Green Pegion
Jambu Fruit Dove
Prevost's Squirrel Asian Glossy Starling, Jambu Fruit Dove, Large and Little Green Pigeon, Red-eyed, Yellow-bellied, Yellow-vented, Buff-vented, Puff-backed, Hairy-backed and Spectacled Bulbul, Malaysian Blue Flycatcher, Grey-and-Buff Woodpecker, Raffles's Malkoha, Black-and-Yellow Broadbill, Black-and-Red Broadbill, Glossy Swiftlet, Crimson Sunbird, Black-backed and Blue-eared Kingfisher some animals like Bornean Gibbon, Prevost's Squirrel, Lesser Mouse Deer, Long-tailed and Pig-tailed Macaque. Malaysian Blue Flycatcher
Prevost's Squirrel
Malaysian Blue Flycatcher (Female)

Glossy Swiftlet

Long-tailed Macaque
Glossy Swiftlet Long-tailed Macaque
Leopard Cat

At night if the resort car had enough space for us we then had chances to go for night drive or night safari. We found new species of mammals almost every night we went including the very common "Leopard Cat", Bearded Pig, Red Giant Flying Squirrel, Thomas's Flying Squirrel, Black Giant Flying Squirrel, Large Flying Fox, Samba Deer, Lesser Mouse Deer, Common Palm Civet, Banded Palm Civet, Malay Civet, Small-toothed Civet, Moonrat and very cute "Western Tarsier". Some nights we found night birds like Brown Wood-owl and Buffy Fish-owl but some nights it was so quiet especially on the full moon night.

Red Giant Flying Squirrel
Leopard Cat
Red Giant Flying Squirrel

Buffy Fish-owl

Lesser Mouse Deer
Buffy Fish-Owl Lesser Mouse Deer

Western Tarsier

Western Tarsier
Normally we went to bird-watching early in the morning and came back to the resort at lunch time. After lunch it always had rain so we could take a rest and started again after the rain. One day, Saimon, the manager of Tabin Wildlife Resort, told us about birds at the rock pool near the Hill lodge.
Oriental Darter

After our observation at the rock pool we recognized the branch that some birds liked to perch almost at the same time; early in the morning and late after the rain. They're Stork-billed Kingfisher and Lesser Fish Eagle. Since after the rain the Lesser Fish Eagle would came suddenly to perch at that branch to dry the feather, if you needed to see it, you had to sit in the hide after the rain well in advance too. Sometimes Oriental Darter dived to find fishes like the two otters in this stream.

Lesser Fish Eagle
Oriental Darter
Lesser Fish Eagle
Next week we surveyed other places like Mud Volcano. We started early in the morning with quick and easy breakfast. Maldin picked us up and drove pass the muddy road to send us at the entrance to Mud Volcano Trail which was a very good spot for bird-watching.
Black-and-Crimson Pitta

Along the road had full of animal's footprints. Sometimes we saw big group of Pig-tailed Macaques crossing the road and Busy-crested, Wrinkled and Black Hornbills flied over our heads. Not far from the entrance of Mud Volcano Trail had a small stream that was a very good area to see many birds coming to take a bath in the hot day and if you were lucky, you would see some species of Pittas. We saw Black-and-Crimson Pitta many times. One day we had chance to stay overnight at the tower at the mud Volcano with Jody and Jusrin who were new staff of Tabin and a Maldin's younger brother.

Wrinkled Hornbill
Black-and-Crimson Pitta
Wrinkled Hornbill
Pig-tailed Macaque

We hoped to see some animals come to feed at the mud (the salt-lick). We prepared food, snacks, drinks, hammocks with the mosquito nets and everything to stayed for 24 hours at Mud Volcano about 700 meters from the entrance. We're lucky because around the Mud Volcano there was a fig tree full of fruits. Early in the morning many hornbills namely Rhinoceros, Black, Oriental Pied, Bushy-crested, Helmeted, Wrinkled, White-crowned, and Wreathed Hornbills came to feed on those fruits and many small birds like Gold-whiskered, Red-throated, Blue-eared and Brown Barbet, Asian Fairy Blubird, Large Green and Green Imperial Pigeon, Black Magpie and many others followed them. During the day the weather was very hot and there were not many birds. Around 4 p.m. we heard something moving in the forest and it was not a long time to wait, approximately 70 Pig-tailed Macaques walked out from the forest to the Mud Volcano and started to feed on the mud. Wow! That was so beautiful picture. One hour later another group came to feed on the mud but they waited until the first group had gone. Later at night there were only Bearded Pigs came to feed on the mud. After the sunset it was very annoying because a million of mosquitoes came out from the forest. Even we stayed in the hammock with mosquito net we still heard the mosquitoes flying around us.

Pig-tailed Macaque're feeding mud at Mud Volcano

Someday we walked for birding on the muddy road in front of the entrance of the Mud Volcano Trail to the Tamongo Village we called "Tamongo Road". This road was a habitat of Urang-Utang, which we hoped to see.  We tried to find it when we went birding in this area but we found only old nests. Today C.K.Leong had time to do bird-watching with us before he flied back to Kota Kinabalu. We decided to go bird-watching along Tamongo road. Maldin drove the car to send us deep in the forest we walked back and Maldin waited us at the entrance of Mud Volcano Trail. Around 10 a.m. while we were looking at Red-naped Trogon, Narcissus Flycatcher, Olive-backed Woodpecker, Rufous Woodpecker, and Whiskered Treeswift, Tu suddenly called me with exciting voice. I turned back....OH!! my goodness. "Bornean Clouded Leopard". It walked out from the forest and stopped beside the road and looked at us in few seconds and then it walked slowly across the road and disappeared into the forest. Wonderful!!! Tu got some photos. We were very very happy. It's one of our target mammals that we needed to see in our life. Extremely excitedly, I forgot to take any photos or movies.

Red-naped Trogon
Red-naped Trogon (Male)
Bornean Clouded Leopard
Bornean Clouded Leopard
Temminck's Sunbird Core Area was a very good spot for bird and mammal watching also. It was like the heart of Tabin Wildlife Reserve because it was the primary forest. The core area road was end in the forest about 10 kilometers from the wildlife department. After that was a small trail. This area had different species from other places because the habitat was the real primary forest and in its high altitude.  They were such as Temminck's, Purple-throated and Plain Sunbird, Thick-billed, Yellow-eared, Long-billed and Grey-breasted Spiderhunter, Yellow-rumped and Orange-bellied Flowerpecker, Yellow-rumped Flowerpecker
Temminck's Sunbird (Male)
Yellow-rumped Flowerpecker
Grey-streaked Flycatcher Black Magpie, Grey-streaked Flycatcher and many others. We found our another target bird, White-fronted Falconet, at the big tall tree at Km. 3 every morning and we also found Long-tailed Parakeet, Asian Glossy Starling, Changeable Hawk Eagle in the same area. They always stayed in this area only in the morning. After 7.30 a.m. they went to feed in other places. Last few days before we went back to Thailand we still missed Pygmy Elephant. However, one day after the rain in the afternoon Tu heard something in front our room. Pygmy Elephant
Grey-streaked Flycatcher
Pygmy Elephant
I walked to check and I saw big animal walked out from the forest it was "Pygmy Elephant". !!! It was the real pygmy one because its body was smaller than those elephants in Thailand.

In total, we saw 189 species of birds and 29 species of mammals and one unidentified bat that stayed under our room.

Reported :
Jan , Photos : Tu and Jan.

Giant Green Mantis (Hierodula membranacea) Frog!
Wagler's Pit Viper Crested Goshawk
We and our best friends in Tabin.

Systematic List of Birds Seen or Heard


Common Name
Common Name
Indian Darter (Anhinga rufa melanogaster) 
Bar-bellied Cuckoo-shrike (Coracina striata) 
Cattle Egret (Bulbulcus ibis) 
Lesser Cuckoo-shrike (Coracina fimbriata) 
Intermediate Egret (Egretta intermedia) 
Fiery Minivet (Pericrocotus igneus) 
Great White Egret (Egretta alba) 
Scarlet Minivet (Pericrocotus flammeus) 
Great-billed Heron (Ardea sumatrana) 
Bar-winged Flycatcher-shrike (Hemipus picatus) 
Storm's Stork (Ciconia stormi)
Black-winged Flycatcher-shrike (Hemipus hirundinaceus) 
Crested Honey-buzzard (Pernis ptilorhynchus) 
Large Wood-shrike (Tephrodornis gularis) 
Bat Hawk (Macheirhamphus alcinus) 
Black-headed Bulbul (Pycnonotus atriceps) 
Lesser Fish Eagle (Ichthyophaga humilis) 
Puff-backed Bulbul (Pycnonotus eutilotus) 
Crested Serpent-eagle (Spilornis cheela) 
Eastern Yellow-vented Bulbul (Pycnonotus goiavier) 
Crested Goshawk (Accipiter trivirgatus) 
Cream-vented Bulbul (Pycnonotus simplex) 
Black Eagle (Ictinaetus malayensis) 
Red-eyed Brown Bulbul (Pycnonotus brunneus) 
Rufous-bellied Eagle (Hieraaetus kienerii) 
Spectacled Bulbul (Pycnonotus erythrophthalmus) 
Changeable Hawk-eagle (Spizaetus cirrhatus) 
Finsch's Bulbul (Criniger finschii) 
Blyth's Hawk-eagle (Spizaetus alboniger) 
Ochraceous Bulbul (Criniger ochraceus) 
Wallace's Hawk-eagle (Spizaetus nanus) 
Yellow-bellied Bulbul (Criniger phaeocephalus) 
Black-legged Falconet (Microhierax fringillarius) 
Buff-vented Bulbul (Hypsipetes charlottae) 
Bornean Falconet (Microhierax latifrons) 
Hairy-backed Bulbul (Hypsipetes criniger) 
Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus)
Green Iora (Aegithina viridissima) 
Chestnut-necklaced Partridge (Arborophila charltonii)
Greater Green Leafbird (Chloropsis sonnerati) 
Great Argus (Argusianus argus) 
Lesser Green Leafbird (Chloropsis cyanopogon) 
White-breasted Waterhen (Amaurornis phoenicurus) 
Asian Fairy-bluebird (Irena puella) 
Common Sandpiper (Actitis hypoleucos) 
Brown Shrike (Lanius cristatus) 
Spotted Dove (Streptopelia chinensis) 
Oraintal Magpie Robin (Copsychus saularis pluto)
Emerald Dove (Chalcophaps indica) 
White-rumped Shama (Copsychus malabaricus) 
Little Green Pigeon (Treron olax) 
White-crowned Forktail (Enicurus leschenaulti) 
Thick-billed Pigeon (Treron curvirostra) 
Black-capped Babbler (Pellorneum capistratum) 
Large Green Pigeon (Treron capellei) 
Short-tailed Babbler (Trichastoma malaccense) 
Jambu Fruit-dove (Ptilinopus jambu) 
White-chested Babbler (Trichastoma rostratum) 
Green Imperial Pigeon (Ducala aenea) 
Ferruginous Babbler (Trichastoma bicolor) 
Blue-crowned Hanging Parrot (Loriculus galgulus) 
Sooty-capped Babbler (Malacopteron affine) 
Long-tailed Parakeet (Psittacula longicauda) 
Rufous-crowned Babbler (Malacopteron magnum) 
Banded Bay Cuckoo (Penthoceryx sonneratii) 
Chestnut-backed Scimitar-babbler (Pomatorhinus montanus) 
Plaintive Cuckoo (Cacomantis merulinus) 
Rufous-fronted Babbler (Stachyris rufifrons) 
Little  Bronze-cuckoo (Chrysococcyx malayanus) 
Grey-throated Babbler (Stachyris nigriceps) 
Drongo Cuckoo (Surniculus lugubris)
Grey-headed Babbler (Stachyris poliocephala) 
Indian Cuckoo (Cuculus micropterus)
Chestnut-rumped Babbler (Stachyris maculata) 
Red-billed Malkoha (Phaenicophaeus javanicus) 
Black-throated Babbler (Stachyris nigricollis) 
Chestnut-breasted Malkoha (Phaenicophaeus curvirostris) 
Chestnut-winged Babbler (Stachyris erythroptera) 
Raffles's Malkoha (Phaenicophaeus chlorophaeus)
Striped Tit-babbler (Macronous gularis) 
Common Coucal (Centropus sinensis) 
Fluffy-backed Tit-babbler (Macronous ptilosus) 
Lesser (Black) Coucal (Centropus bengalensis) 
Brown Fulvetta (Alcippe brunneicauda) 
Barred (Malay) Eagle-owl (Bubo sumatranus) 
White-bellied Yuhina (Yuhina zantholeuca) 
Buffy Fish-owl (Ketupa ketupu) 
Arctic Warbler (Phylloscopus borealis) 
Brown Wood-owl (Strix leptogrammica) 
Yellow-bellied Prinia (Prinia flaviventris) 
Savanna Nightjar (Caprimulgus affinis) 
Dark-necked Tailorbird (Orthotomus atrogularis) 
White-bellied (Glossy) Swiftlet (Collocalia esculenta) 
Ashy Tailorbird (Orthotomus ruficeps) 
Silver-rumped Swift (Raphidura leucopygialis) 
Rufous-tailed Tailorbird (Orthotomus sericeus) 
Brown Needletail (Hirundapus gigantea) 
Verditer Flycatcher (Muscicapa thalassina) 
Grey-rumped Tree-swift (Hemiprocne longipennis) 
Narcissus Flycatcher (Ficedula narcissina) 
Whiskered Tree-swift (Hemiprocne comata) 
Blue-and-white Flycatcher (Cyanoptila cyanomelena) 
Red-naped Trogon (Harpactes kasumba) 
Pale Blue Flycatcher (Cyornis unicolor) 
Diard's Trogon (Harpactes diardii) 
Malaysian Blue Flycatcher (Cyornis turcosa) 
Scarlet-rumped Trogon (Harpactes duvaucelii) 
Dark-sided (Siberian) Flycatcher (Muscicapa sibirica) 
Blue-eared Kingfisher (Alcedo meninting) 
Grey-streaked Flycatcher (Muscicapa griseisticta) 
Blue-banded Kingfisher (Alcedo euryzona) 
Asian Brown Flycatcher (Muscicapa latirostris) 
Black-backed Kingfisher (Ceyx erithacus) 
Rufous-winged Philentoma (Philentoma pyrrhopterum) 
Stork-billed Kingfisher (Pelargopsis capensis) 
Maroon-breasted Flycatcher (Philentoma velatum) 
Collared Kingfisher (Halcyon chloris) 
Asian Paradise-flycatcher (Terpsiphone paradisi) 
Red-bearded Bee-eater (Nyctyornis amictus) 
Black-naped Monarch (Hypothymis azurea) 
Dollarbird (Eurystomus orientalis) 
Pied Fantail (Rhipidura javanica) 
White-crowned Hornbill (Berenicornis comatus) 
Velvet-fronted Nuthatch (Sitta frontalis) 
Bushy-crested Hornbill (Anorrhinus galeritus) 
Yellow-breasted Flowerpecker (Prionochilus maculatus) 
Wrinkled Hornbill (Rhyticeros corrugatus) 
Crimson-breasted Flowerpecker (Prionochilus percussus) 
Wreathed Hornbill (Rhyticeros undulatus) 
Borneo Yellow-rumped Flowerpecker (Prionochilus xanthopygius) 
Black Hornbill (Anthracoceros malayanus) 
Yellow-vented Flowerpecker (Dicaeum chrysorrheum) 
Pied Hornbill (Anthracoceros covexus) 
Orange-bellied Flowerpecker (Dicaeum trigonostigma) 
Rhinoceros Hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros) 
Plain Flowerpecker (Dicaeum concolor) 
Helmeted Hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil) 
Plain Sunbird (Anthreptes simplex) 
Gold-whiskered Barbet (Megalaima chrysopogon) 
Brown-throated Sunbird (Anthreptes malacensis) 
Red-crowned Barbet (Megalaima rafflesii) 
Red-throated Sunbird (Anthreptes rhodolaema) 
Red-throated Barbet (Megalaima mystacophanos) 
Ruby-cheeked Sunbird (Anthreptes singalensis) 
Yellow-crowned Barbet (Megalaima henricii) 
Purple-naped Sunbird (Hypogramma hypogrammicum) 
Blue-eared Barbet (Megalaima australis) 
Purple-throated Sunbird (Nectarinia sperata) 
Brown Barbet (Calorhamphus fuliginosus) 
Olive-backed Sunbird (Nectarinia jugularis) 
Rufous Piculet (Sasia abnormis) 
Crimson Sunbird (Aethopyga siparaja) 
Grey-capped  Woodpecker (Dendrocopos canicapillus) 
Temminck's Sunbird (Aethopyga temminckii) 
Rufous Woodpecker (Celeus brachyurus) 
Little Spiderhunter (Arachnothera longirostra) 
Banded Woodpecker (Picus miniaceus) 
Thick-billed Spiderhunter (Arachnothera crassirostris) 
Crimson-winged Woodpecker (Picus puniceus) 
Yellow-eared Spiderhunter (Arachnothera chrysogenys) 
Checker-throated Woodpecker (Picus mentalis) 
Grey-breasted Spiderhunter (Arachnothera affinis) 
Olive-backed Woodpecker (Dinopium rafflesii) 
Long-billed Spiderhunter (Arachnothera robusta)
Buff-rumped Woodpecker (Meiglyptes tristis) 
Dusky Munia (Lonchura fuscans) 
Buff-necked Woodpecker (Meiglyptes tukki) 
White-bellied Munia (Lonchura leucogastra) 
Grey-and-buff Woodpecker (Hemicircus concretus) 
Chestnut Munia (Lonchura malacca) 
Great Slaty Woodpecker (Mulleripicus pulverulentus) 
Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus) 
Dusky Broadbill (Corydon sumatranus) 
Philippine Glossy Starling (Aplonis panayensis) 
Black-and-red Broadbill (Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos) 
Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis) 
Banded Broadbill (Eurylaimus javanicus) 
Hill Myna (Gracula religiosa) 
Black-and-yellow Broadbill (Eurylaimus ochromalus) 
Dark-throated Oriole (Oriolus xanthonotus) 
Green Broadbill (Calyptomena viridis) 
Bronzed Drongo (Dicrurus aeneus) 
Black and Crimson Pitta (Pitta granatina ussheri) 
Greater Racket-tailed Drongo (Dicrurus paradiseus) 
Swallow (Hirundo rustica) 
Black Magpie (Platysmurus leucopterus) 
Pacific Swallow (Hirundo tahitica) 
Slender-billed Crow (Corvus enca) 
Grey Wagtail (Motacilla cinerea) 

Systematic List of Animals Seen

Common Name
Borneo Gibbon (Hylobates muelleri)
Silver Langur (Presbytis cristata)
Grey Langur (Presbytis hosei sabana)
Pig-tailed Macaque (Macaca nemestrina)
Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis)
Leopard Cat (Felis bengalensis)
Borneo Clouded Leopard (Neofelis nebulosa)
Red Giant Flying Squirrel (Petaurista petaurista)
Thomas's Flying Squirrel (Aeromys thomasi)
Black Flying Squirrel (Aeromys tephromelas)
Samba Deer (Cervus unicolor)
Lesser Mousedeer (Tragulus javanicus)
Western Tarsier (Tarsius bancanus)
Oriental Small-clawed Otter (Aonyx(Amblonyx) cinerea)
Smooth-coated Otter (Lutra (Lutrogale) perspicillata)
Malay Civet (Viverra tangalunga)
Small-toothed Palm Civet (Arctogalidia trivirgata)
Common Palm Civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus)
Plain Pygmy Squirrel (Exilisciurus exilis)
Giant Squirrel (Ratufa affinis cothurnata)
Prevost's Squirrel (Callosciurus provostii pluto)
Plaintain Squirrel (Callosciurus notatus)
Low's Squirrel (Sundasciurus Lowii )
Moonrat (Echinorex gymnurus)
Common Treeshrew (Tupaia glis)
Banded Palm Civet (Hemigalus derbyanus)
Bearded Pig (Sus barbatus)
Large Flying Fox (Pteropus vampyrus)
Pygmy Elephant (Elephas maximus)


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© All photos in "Nature Focus Thailand" website were taken by Rattapon Kaichid and Pitchaya Janhom.